An Lushan vs Zong Ze

An Lushan was appointed military governor (jiedushi) of Fanyang, one of the most powerful frontier commands. He built a personal army composed of Han Chinese, Khitan, and other ethnic groups, amassing significant military power.

An Lushan declared rebellion against Emperor Xuanzong, claiming he was removing the corrupt chancellor Yang Guozhong. He led his army south from Fanyang, capturing Luoyang and declaring himself Emperor of the Great Yan dynasty.

After defeating Tang forces at Tong Pass, An Lushan's army captured the Tang capital Chang'an. Emperor Xuanzong fled to Sichuan, and the city was looted. This marked the peak of An Lushan's power.

An Lushan was assassinated by his son An Qingxu and a eunuch named Li Zhu'er. His failing health and erratic behavior had alienated his inner circle, leading to the coup. An Qingxu succeeded him as emperor of Yan.

Zong Ze was appointed Prefect of Kaifeng after the Jin withdrew, organizing defenses and training militias. He restored order and prepared the city for future attacks, becoming a symbol of resistance.

Zong泽 repeatedly petitioned Emperor Gaozong to launch a campaign to recover northern territories from the Jin. His calls were ignored as the court favored peace, leading to his frustration and eventual death.

Zong Ze died of illness while preparing a major offensive against the Jin. His death ended the most credible threat to Jin control of the north, and his plans were never executed.