Al-Mutawakkil III vs Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah

Al-Mutawakkil III became the last Abbasid caliph of Cairo after his father's abdication. His reign was immediately overshadowed by the Ottoman threat.

After the Ottoman victory at the Battle of Ridaniya, Al-Mutawakkil III was captured by Sultan Selim I. The Mamluk Sultanate was annexed, and the caliph became a prisoner of the Ottomans.

Al-Mutawakkil III formally surrendered the title of caliph to Ottoman Sultan Selim I in a ceremony in Cairo. This transfer marked the end of the Abbasid caliphate and the beginning of the Ottoman claim to the caliphate.

Al-Mutawakkil III died in Ottoman custody, likely in Cairo or Istanbul. His death ended the Abbasid line of caliphs, though the Ottomans continued to use the title.

Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah led a rebellion of Deccani nobles against the Tughlaq dynasty, establishing the independent Bahmani Sultanate. This marked the beginning of a new political entity in the Deccan region.

Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah was crowned as the first sultan of the Bahmani Sultanate at Gulbarga. He established the capital at Gulbarga and began consolidating control over the Deccan plateau.

Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah launched military campaigns against the Vijayanagara Empire, capturing territories in the Raichur Doab. These conflicts established the Bahmani Sultanate as a major power in southern India.

Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah suppressed rebellions by local Hindu chiefs and rival Muslim factions, securing the borders of the Bahmani Sultanate. He established a stable administrative framework for the new state.