Abulfaz Elchibey vs Pedro Castillo

Abulfaz Elchibey was elected President of Azerbaijan in a democratic election, winning 59.4% of the vote. He was a nationalist leader of the Azerbaijani Popular Front and promised to pursue independence from Russian influence and resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

Elchibey pursued a pro-Western foreign policy, seeking closer ties with Turkey and the United States while distancing Azerbaijan from Russia. He signed agreements on energy cooperation and military aid, but this policy alienated Moscow and contributed to internal instability.

During Elchibey's presidency, Armenian forces captured the city of Agdam and other territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh. These military defeats weakened his government and contributed to his overthrow, as he was unable to protect Azerbaijani territorial integrity.

Elchibey was overthrown in a military coup led by Colonel Surat Huseynov, who marched on Baku with his forces. The coup was triggered by military defeats in Nagorno-Karabakh and political instability, forcing Elchibey to flee to his home region of Nakhchivan.

Pedro Castillo, a rural teacher and union leader, won the 2021 presidential election as the candidate of the left-wing Peru Libre party. His victory represented a significant shift in Peruvian politics, with a focus on social justice and constitutional reform.

Castillo's presidency was marked by constant political instability, with the opposition-controlled Congress launching multiple impeachment attempts against him. These attempts were based on allegations of corruption and moral incapacity.

Facing a third impeachment vote, Castillo attempted to dissolve Congress and call for new elections, a move widely seen as a self-coup. The attempt failed, and he was immediately impeached and removed from office by Congress.

After his removal, Castillo was arrested and detained on charges of rebellion and conspiracy. His arrest sparked widespread protests by his supporters, leading to a period of political and social unrest in Peru.