Sangha

Sangha, a Tibetan monk, was appointed as finance minister of the Yuan dynasty. He continued Ahmad Fanakati's policies of state monopolies and tax collection, further centralizing fiscal control under the Mongol court.

Sangha enforced strict tax collection through state monopolies on salt, iron, and tea, using coercive measures against defaulters. His policies increased revenue but caused widespread hardship among Chinese peasants and merchants, fueling resentment.

Sangha was executed on orders of Kublai Khan following accusations of corruption, embezzlement, and abuse of power. His death marked the end of a period of heavy-handed fiscal policies and led to a temporary relaxation of state monopolies.