J. B. Kripalani

J. B. Kripalani was elected President of the Indian National Congress during the critical period of independence negotiations. He presided over the party's transition from a freedom movement to a governing body.

Kripalani resigned from the Indian National Congress due to ideological differences with Jawaharlal Nehru's policies. He criticized the government's centralization and lack of socialist commitment, and later joined the opposition.

Kripalani moved the first no-confidence motion in the Lok Sabha against Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's government. The motion was defeated, but it established the parliamentary practice of holding the executive accountable.