Evelyn Baring

Baring restructured Egypt's debt and finances after the Urabi Revolt, imposing austerity measures and prioritizing repayment to European creditors. This stabilized the economy but caused hardship for Egyptians and deepened British control.

Baring became British Consul-General in Egypt, effectively ruling the country as a de facto governor. He implemented financial reforms and controlled Egyptian policy, earning the nickname 'Over-Baring' for his dominant influence.

Baring authorized and supported the Anglo-Egyptian reconquest of Sudan, culminating in the Battle of Omdurman. This reestablished Anglo-Egyptian control over Sudan, ending the Mahdist state.