Qiying vs Sucheta Kripalani

Qiying, as Qing plenipotentiary, negotiated and signed the Treaty of Nanjing with Britain, ending the First Opium War. The treaty ceded Hong Kong, opened five treaty ports, and imposed an indemnity, marking the start of the unequal treaty system.

Qiying negotiated the Treaty of Wanghia with the United States, granting Americans extraterritoriality and most-favored-nation status. This further eroded Qing sovereignty and set a precedent for other Western powers.

Qiying was executed by the Qing court for his failure to negotiate effectively with the British during the Second Opium War. His death reflected the court's dissatisfaction with his handling of foreign affairs.

Kripalani co-founded the All India Democratic Women's Association, an organization advocating for women's rights and social reform. The group campaigned for legal equality and economic opportunities for women.

Kripalani was arrested for her participation in the Quit India Movement. She was imprisoned for several months, continuing her activism for Indian independence.

Kripalani was elected to the Constituent Assembly of India, where she participated in drafting the Indian Constitution. She contributed to debates on fundamental rights and women's issues.

Sucheta Kripalani was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, becoming the first woman to hold the position of chief minister in any Indian state. She served until 1967.