Matsui Iwane vs Roberto Viola

Matsui Iwane was appointed commander of the Japanese Shanghai Expeditionary Army in August 1937. He led the invasion of Shanghai, a brutal three-month battle that resulted in massive Chinese casualties and the fall of the city to Japanese forces.

Matsui commanded Japanese forces during the capture of Nanjing in December 1937. His troops committed widespread atrocities, including mass murder, rape, and looting, known as the Nanjing Massacre, which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of civilians and prisoners of war.

Matsui Iwane was tried by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and found guilty of war crimes for failing to prevent the Nanjing Massacre. He was sentenced to death and executed by hanging on December 23, 1948.

On March 29, 1981, Roberto Viola was appointed President of Argentina by the military junta, succeeding Jorge Videla. His presidency was part of the National Reorganization Process, the military dictatorship that ruled Argentina from 1976 to 1983.

During Viola's presidency, the military junta continued its campaign of state terrorism against leftist guerrillas, political opponents, and suspected subversives. Thousands were kidnapped, tortured, and killed or disappeared. Human rights organizations documented systematic abuses.

On December 11, 1981, Roberto Viola was removed from the presidency by the military junta due to health issues and internal disagreements. He was replaced by Leopoldo Galtieri. Viola's removal reflected instability within the dictatorship.

In 1985, Roberto Viola was convicted by the Argentine courts for human rights abuses committed during the Dirty War, including illegal detentions, torture, and forced disappearances. He was sentenced to 17 years in prison, later reduced.