Leonel Brizola vs Osman Kavala

Brizola was elected governor of Rio Grande do Sul as a member of the Brazilian Labor Party (PTB). His administration implemented progressive reforms, including land expropriations and expansion of public education.

When military ministers tried to block Jo

After the military coup, Brizola was forced into exile, first in Uruguay and later in other countries. He continued to organize opposition to the dictatorship from abroad, advocating for armed resistance.

Brizola returned from exile under the amnesty law and founded the PDT, a left-wing party that revived the legacy of Get

Brizola was elected governor of Rio de Janeiro in the first direct gubernatorial elections since the coup. His administration focused on education, housing, and public health, but was also marked by fiscal problems and political conflicts.

Kavala was arrested on October 18, 2017, on charges related to the 2013 Gezi Park protests and the 2016 coup attempt. He was accused of attempting to overthrow the government, charges he denied. His imprisonment sparked international condemnation.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on December 10, 2019, that Kavala's detention violated his rights and ordered his immediate release. Turkey refused to comply, leading to further legal action and tensions with the Council of Europe.

Kavala was acquitted of all charges on February 18, 2020, but was re-arrested within hours on new charges related to the coup attempt. The re-arrest drew further criticism from human rights groups and foreign governments.

The Council of Europe initiated infringement proceedings against Turkey in February 2021 for failing to implement the ECHR ruling on Kavala. This was a rare step, highlighting the international legal dispute over his continued detention.