Kitbuqa vs William Wallace

Kitbuqa commanded the Mongol army at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine. He was defeated by the Mamluk Sultanate under Qutuz and Baibars. The battle ended the Mongol advance into the Middle East and marked the first major Mongol defeat.

Kitbuqa led the Mongol forces that captured Damascus from the Ayyubids. The city surrendered without a fight, and Kitbuqa established a Mongol administration. The occupation lasted only a few months before the defeat at Ain Jalut.

Kitbuqa participated in the Mongol siege of Aleppo under Hulagu Khan. The city was captured after a week-long siege, and the Mongols massacred the population. The victory secured Mongol control over northern Syria.

After the defeat at Ain Jalut, Kitbuqa was captured by the Mamluks. He was executed on the orders of Sultan Qutuz. His death marked the end of Mongol control in Syria and a turning point in the Mongol-Mamluk conflict.

Wallace, as co-commander of the Scottish army, defeated a larger English force at Stirling Bridge. The English army was trapped crossing the narrow bridge and routed, leading to a major Scottish victory in the First War of Scottish Independence.

After the Battle of Stirling Bridge, Wallace was knighted and appointed Guardian of Scotland, ruling in the name of King John Balliol. He led the Scottish government and military for nearly a year.

Wallace's Scottish army was defeated by Edward I's English forces at Falkirk. The English longbowmen and cavalry broke the Scottish schiltron formations, ending Wallace's military career as a commander.

Wallace was captured by English forces at Robroyston near Glasgow, reportedly betrayed by a Scottish servant. He was taken to London for trial.

Wallace was tried for treason in Westminster Hall, then executed by hanging, drawing, and quartering at Smithfield. His body parts were displayed in different towns in England and Scotland as a deterrent.