King Dongmyeong of Goguryeo vs Shalmaneser III

Jumong, later known as King Dongmyeong, founded the kingdom of Goguryeo in the region of present-day North Korea and Manchuria. He established the capital at Jolbon and united various tribal groups, creating one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.

King Dongmyeong built the first Goguryeo fortress at Jolbon, which served as the kingdom's capital and defensive stronghold. The fortress protected the nascent kingdom from external threats and symbolized its sovereignty.

King Dongmyeong led military campaigns against the Malgal (Mohe) tribes in the northern frontier, securing Goguryeo's borders. These victories expanded the kingdom's territory and established its dominance over neighboring nomadic groups.

King Dongmyeong organized Goguryeo's society into five major tribes (Sunobu, Jeollobu, Sunnobu, Gwannobu, and Gaerubu), creating a centralized administrative structure. This system formed the basis for Goguryeo's governance and military organization.

Shalmaneser III launched a campaign against the kingdom of Urartu, defeating King Aramu and sacking the city of Arzashkun. He claimed to have destroyed 2,500 settlements and extended Assyrian control into the Lake Van region.

Shalmaneser III fought a coalition of twelve kings, including Hadadezer of Damascus and Ahab of Israel, at Qarqar on the Orontes River. The battle was indecisive, with both sides claiming victory, but it halted Assyrian expansion into Syria for a time.

Shalmaneser III commissioned the Black Obelisk, a four-sided stone monument depicting tributaries including Jehu of Israel. It was erected at Kalhu and provides a detailed record of his military campaigns and the submission of various kingdoms.

A major rebellion broke out led by Shalmaneser III's son Ashur-danin-pal, involving 27 cities including Ashur and Nineveh. The revolt lasted for years and was eventually suppressed by Shalmaneser's other son Shamshi-Adad V, weakening the empire.