Hubert Maga vs Kibrisli Mehmed Kamil Pasha

Hubert Maga became the first President of the Republic of Dahomey (now Benin) upon independence from France on August 1, 1960. He led the country as head of state and government, establishing the new nation's political framework.

Maga was overthrown by a military coup led by Colonel Christophe Soglo on October 28, 1963, following widespread protests and a general strike. This ended his first presidency and marked the beginning of Dahomey's period of political instability.

Maga became chairman of the three-member Presidential Council established after the 1970 elections, rotating power with Justin Ahomadegb

Maga was overthrown for a second time by a military coup led by Mathieu K

Kibrisli Mehmed Kamil Pasha was appointed Grand Vizier for the first time by Sultan Abdul Hamid II. His tenure focused on administrative reforms and financial stabilization, but he was dismissed after two years due to palace opposition.

Kamil Pasha was appointed Grand Vizier for the fourth and final time during the First Balkan War. He attempted to negotiate peace with the Balkan League but was forced to resign after the Ottoman defeat and the loss of most European territories.

As Grand Vizier, Kamil Pasha signed the Treaty of London ending the First Balkan War. The treaty ceded almost all Ottoman European territories except a small area around Constantinople, marking a major territorial loss.

After the 1913 Ottoman coup d'