Frederick William the Great Elector vs Hamengkubuwono IX

Frederick William created the General War Commissariat, a centralized tax and military administration. This institution allowed him to maintain a standing army independent of noble estates, laying the foundation for Prussian militarism and absolutist rule.

Frederick William led Brandenburg-Prussian forces alongside Sweden to defeat the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw. This victory secured his control over Ducal Prussia and demonstrated the military capability of his emerging state.

Frederick William signed the Treaty of Oliva, which ended the Second Northern War. The treaty confirmed his full sovereignty over Ducal Prussia, freeing it from Polish vassalage and establishing Brandenburg-Prussia as an independent European power.

Frederick William issued the Edict of Potsdam, inviting French Huguenot refugees to settle in Brandenburg-Prussia. This policy brought skilled artisans, merchants, and soldiers, boosting the economy and population, and strengthening the state's military and industrial capacity.

Hamengkubuwono IX became the Sultan of Yogyakarta, a princely state in the Dutch East Indies. His reign began during the Japanese occupation, and he later played a key role in the Indonesian National Revolution.

Hamengkubuwono IX declared his support for the newly proclaimed Republic of Indonesia, offering Yogyakarta as the republic's capital. His decision provided a safe haven for the republican government during the war for independence.

Hamengkubuwono IX, along with other senior military figures, was involved in the transfer of executive authority from President Sukarno to General Suharto via the Supersemar document. This event marked the beginning of Suharto's New Order regime.

Hamengkubuwono IX was elected Vice President of Indonesia under President Suharto, serving until 1978. His role symbolized the integration of traditional Javanese monarchy into the modern Indonesian state.

Hamengkubuwono IX died in Jakarta and was given a state funeral. He was buried in the royal cemetery at Imogiri, Yogyakarta. His death marked the end of an era for the Yogyakarta Sultanate and Indonesian politics.