Francisco Pizarro vs Pedro Alvares Cabral

Pizarro led a small Spanish force into the Inca Empire, capturing Emperor Atahualpa at Cajamarca in 1532. Despite being vastly outnumbered, the Spanish used superior weaponry and tactics to defeat the Incas, leading to the collapse of the empire and Spanish control over Peru.

After receiving a ransom of gold and silver, Pizarro ordered the execution of Inca Emperor Atahualpa by garrote. This act eliminated the central leadership of the Inca state, facilitating Spanish domination and the imposition of colonial rule over the Andes region.

Pizarro founded the city of Lima on the Peruvian coast, designating it as the capital of the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru. Lima became the political, economic, and cultural center of Spanish South America, a status it retained for centuries.

Pizarro was assassinated in his palace in Lima by a group of rival Spanish conquistadors loyal to Diego de Almagro II. The murder resulted from factional conflicts among the conquerors over control of Peru and its wealth, ending Pizarro's rule.

After reaching India, Cabral established a trading post in Calicut. Conflict with local Muslim merchants led to an attack on the Portuguese factory. Cabral retaliated by bombarding the city and seizing Muslim ships, escalating tensions.

King Manuel I of Portugal appointed Pedro

While following da Gama's route, Cabral's fleet made a westward swing and sighted land on the coast of Brazil. He claimed the territory for Portugal, naming it the Island of Vera Cruz. This discovery led to Portuguese colonization of South America.

After the conflict in Calicut, Cabral sailed to Cochin, where he formed an alliance with the local ruler. He loaded his ships with spices and established a trading post, laying the foundation for Portuguese influence in Kerala.

Cabral returned to Portugal with a valuable cargo of spices, but his fleet suffered heavy losses. Despite his success, he fell out of favor at court and was not given another command. He retired from active service.