Faustin Soulouque vs Letsie I

Emperor Faustin I launched a military campaign to reconquer the Dominican Republic, which had gained independence from Haiti in 1844. The Haitian army was defeated at the Battle of Las Carreras by Dominican forces under Pedro Santana, ending the invasion.

Faustin Soulouque, who had been President of Haiti since 1847, proclaimed himself Emperor Faustin I. He established a hereditary monarchy, created a nobility, and modeled his court after Napoleon III's France. This ended Haiti's republican government.

Faustin I ordered a second invasion of the Dominican Republic with a larger army. The Haitian forces were again defeated at the Battle of Santom

A revolution led by General Fabre Geffrard overthrew Emperor Faustin I. He was forced to abdicate and went into exile in Jamaica. The empire was abolished, and Haiti returned to a republican form of government under Geffrard.

Letsie I succeeded his father Moshoeshoe I as paramount chief of the Basotho. His succession was contested by some rivals, but he maintained unity under British protection.

Letsie I led the Basotho in the Gun War against the British Cape Colony, which attempted to disarm the Basotho. The Basotho successfully resisted, forcing the British to abandon the disarmament policy.

Letsie I worked with British colonial administrators to govern Basutoland after it became a Crown colony. He maintained traditional authority while adapting to colonial rule, preserving Basotho autonomy.