Eduardo dos Santos vs Sharif Sheikh Ahmed

Dos Santos succeeded Neto as president of Angola and leader of the MPLA. He inherited a country ravaged by civil war and foreign intervention, and his long rule would be defined by conflict and oil wealth.

Dos Santos signed a peace agreement with UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi, ending the first phase of the Angolan Civil War. The accords called for multiparty elections, but the peace collapsed when Savimbi rejected the election results.

Dos Santos won the first multiparty presidential election in Angola. UNITA leader Savimbi rejected the results, alleging fraud, and resumed the civil war, plunging the country back into conflict.

After Savimbi's death in 2002, Angola experienced a period of peace and rapid economic growth fueled by oil revenues. Dos Santos' government oversaw massive reconstruction and foreign investment, but corruption and inequality persisted.

Dos Santos did not run for re-election in 2017, ending his 38-year rule. He was succeeded by Jo

Sharif Sheikh Ahmed served as chairman of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) which took control of Mogadishu and much of southern Somalia in 2006. The ICU brought temporary stability but was overthrown by Ethiopian forces later that year.

Sharif Sheikh Ahmed was elected president of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia in January 2009. He led the government during a period of intense fighting with Al-Shabaab insurgents.

Sharif Sheikh Ahmed signed the Kampala Accord in June 2011, extending his term as president by one year. The agreement was controversial and led to political instability within the TFG.