Commius vs Malik al-Ashtar

Julius Caesar appointed Commius as king of the Atrebates after the Roman conquest of their territory. Commius became a loyal Roman ally, providing cavalry and support for Caesar's campaigns in Gaul and Britain.

Caesar sent Commius to Britain as an envoy to negotiate with British tribes before the first Roman invasion. Commius was briefly imprisoned by the Britons but later released, providing Caesar with intelligence about British resistance.

Commius fought at the Battle of Alesia, where Vercingetorix's forces were besieged by Caesar. After the Gallic defeat, Commius escaped and continued resistance against Roman rule in northern Gaul.

Commius joined Vercingetorix's Gallic rebellion against Rome, abandoning his alliance with Caesar. He led Atrebate forces in the uprising and became a key leader in the resistance.

After continued guerrilla warfare against Roman forces, Commius fled to Britain with his followers. He established a new kingdom among the British Atrebates, escaping Roman pursuit and maintaining his independence.

Malik al-Ashtar fought under Caliph Ali at the Battle of the Camel near Basra. He led a key cavalry charge against Aisha's forces, contributing to Ali's victory and the consolidation of his caliphate against the rebellion of Talha and Zubayr.

Caliph Ali appointed Malik al-Ashtar as governor of Egypt. Before he could assume office, he was poisoned on the orders of Muawiyah I, who feared his military and administrative skills. His death removed a key ally from Ali's side.

Malik al-Ashtar commanded the vanguard of Ali's army at Siffin against Muawiyah's forces. He led a successful assault that nearly defeated the Umayyad army, but the battle ended in arbitration after Muawiyah's troops raised Qurans on spears.