Arsames of Persia vs Lin Xiangru

Arsames was appointed satrap of Egypt by Artaxerxes I, following the suppression of a major revolt in the province. He governed Egypt for several decades, maintaining Persian control over this wealthy and strategically important region.

Arsames faced several revolts in Egypt, including a major uprising led by Inaros II, who was supported by Athens. Arsames led Persian forces to suppress these revolts, reasserting Achaemenid authority after a period of instability.

Arsames maintained extensive correspondence with the Persian court, as evidenced by the Persepolis Fortification Tablets. These letters detail administrative and economic matters, providing insight into the governance of the Persian Empire.

Arsames died around 425 BC, after a long tenure as satrap of Egypt. His death led to a period of succession disputes, but Persian control over Egypt continued until the late 5th century BC.

Lin Xiangru was sent as an envoy to the Qin court, where King Zhaoxiang of Qin demanded the He Shi Bi jade. Lin threatened to smash the jade and himself, forcing Qin to back down, and successfully returned the jade to Zhao.

At the Mianchi meeting, Lin Xiangru forced the King of Qin to perform a drumming ceremony, humiliating him. This act preserved Zhao's dignity and prevented Qin from gaining diplomatic advantage.

Lin Xiangru was appointed chief minister (shangqing) of Zhao, ranking above the general Lian Po. His promotion was based on his diplomatic successes, and he later reconciled with Lian Po for the good of the state.